Browsing by Author "Pam Arroway, Committee Member"

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Effect of Male Broiler Breeder Feeding Programs on Growth, Reproductive Performance, and Broiler Progeny
(2006-12-14) Romero-Sanchez, Hugo; Jerry W. Spears, Committee Member; Pam Arroway, Committee Member; Sam L. Pardue, Committee Member; John T. Brake, Committee Chair
Four studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of different feeding programs during rearing and production on broiler breeder male growth, fertility, and progeny performance. In Experiment I, the effects of two levels (High and Low) of cumulative nutrient intake during the rearing period to photostimulation at 21 wk of age through different dietary formulations or feeding programs were evaluated. The High cumulative nutrition program supplied 33.5 Mcal ME and 1,730 g CP, while the Low cumulative nutrition program supplied 29.6 Mcal ME and 1,470 g CP. At 21 wk of age in Experiment I-2, males were classified into Heavy or Light BW groups. A cumulative nutrient intake during the rearing period of 29.6 Mcal ME and 1,470 g CP, regardless of diet or feeding program resulted in a male of adequate BW that was able to maintain good fertility throughout the production period and produce broilers with increased 42-d BW. In Experiment III, two levels of dietary CP (12% and 17%) and two feeding programs (Concave and Sigmoid) were evaluated during the rearing period to 26 wk of age. The Concave or 17% CP treatments were unable to sustain fertility after 40 wk of age without an increased allocation of feed. In Experiments II, two antioxidant levels and different source of selenium were evaluated during the production period. In Experiment IV different feeding programs from 16 to 26 wk of age and during the production period were evaluated. The data showed that feed allocation relative to BW affected fertility more than did antioxidant inclusion. Furthermore, slow and consistently increasing feed increments from 16 to 26 wk of age and during the production period improved fertility and favorably impacted progeny performance. In conclusion, when males failed in accumulate adequate nutrients during the rearing period or gain adequate BW, as an indication of ME allocation, after photostimulation fertility declined and significant negative effects were observed in progeny performance.
Preparing Pre-service Elementary Teachers to Teach Mathematics with Learning Trajectories
(2010-04-30) Mojica, Gemma Foust; Jere Confrey, Committee Chair; Pam Arroway, Committee Member; Karen Hollebrands, Committee Member; Allison McCulloch, Committee Member
In the past two decades, research on learning has focused on understanding how students think and how that thinking becomes more sophisticated over time. Some researchers have verified sufficient consistency and robustness in their findings relating to these constructs, which they have articulated in the form of learning trajectories. While an articulation of such constructs has contributed greatly to the knowledge base of how students learn, the field has just begun to explore the extent to which learning trajectories can be integrated into the practice of teaching. Though useful at the level of curriculum, assessment, and standards development, it remains to be shown that learning trajectories can be incorporated into teachersâ€™ practice and become a tool to understand studentsâ€™ thinking, for planning instructional activities, for interacting with students during instruction, and for assessing studentsâ€™ understandings. Thus, bringing learning trajectories into the classroom through teacher education is one critical area of knowledge that needs to be investigated. This study addresses to what extent and in what ways can pre-service elementary teachers use a learning trajectory for equipartitioning to build models of student thinking. Over an eight-week period, within an elementary mathematics methods course, 56 pre-service teachers (PSTs) participated in this design study. Data included the following: video & audio recordings of class meetings, researcher's notes of class meetings and school-based experiences, pre- and post-test data, clinical interviews and analysis of interviews, and other artifacts. Findings from this study indicate that PSTs used an equipartitioning learning trajectory to 1) deepen their understanding of mathematics and knowledge for teaching mathematics; 2) build more precise and adequate models of student thinking; and 3) incorporate models of student thinking into instructional practices.
Semi-Automatic Forensic Speaker Identification
(2008-07-06) Cepeda, Luis Felipe; Robert Rodman, Committee Chair; Pam Arroway, Committee Member; Donald Bitzer, Committee Co-Chair; David McAllister, Committee Co-Chair
Technology Adoption in West Africa: Adoption and Disadoption of Soybeans on the Togo-Benin Border
(2005-04-26) Jones, Kelly Michelle; Evan Mercer, Committee Member; Pam Arroway, Committee Member; Toddi Steelman, Committee Member; Erin Sills, Committee Chair
New agricultural technologies are promoted in developing countries to bring about some combination of economic, environmental, and or health benefit. All of these benefits are considered to improve the livelihoods of the households that adopt them. However, the adoption of these new innovations by farm households is never uniform but is based on each household's evaluation of the utility of the new technology with relation to that household's attributes. This study looks at the adoption of a new agricultural crop—soybeans—that has been promoted for its nutritional effects in the Tamberma region of Benin and Togo. Variables affecting adoption and disadoption are based on five broad categories of adoption determinants found in the literature: household preferences, resource endowments, economic incentives, risk and uncertainty, and biophysical characteristics. A sixth category of farmer's perceptions is added to this model to determine current perceptions of soybean utility in the study area. A Probit model is employed to determine factors affecting adoption and disadoption rates in the study area. Variables statistically correlated with the adoption decision include: education, extension, membership, health, cash cropping, and soil quality. Variables statistically correlated with the disadoption decision include: education, experience, expected price, and type of soil.