Seasonal occurrence and epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt virus and Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae) with emphasis on 3 peanut genotypes in North Carolina

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Date

1999-04-21

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The purpose of the research has been to further the understanding of the seasonal occurrence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and the insect vector, Frankliniella fusca, in relation to North Carolina peanut production. Emphasis was placed on 3 Virginia-type peanut genotypes, NC-9, NC-V11, and NC-12C, which were included in field and greenhouse experiments to determine relative disease and thrips levels and their interactions. These are components of a larger strategic goal to develop management strategies that can minimize future impacts of TSWV and be compatible with peanut production in North Carolina. Research was conducted to determine the winter, spring, and summer occurrence of F. fusca in NC peanut fields. Thrips movement in spring was significantly influenced by prevailing wind direction. No thrips were collected on sticky traps during days when maximum temperature did not exceed 18.7 C. F. fusca, caged with TSWV infected peanut plants in August, 1996 and sampled in March, 1997, were analyzed for the presence of TSWV by ELISA. A single thrips tested positive for the virus. In another experiment, three Virginia-type peanut genotypes were monitored for the incidence of TSWV symptoms and the presence of F. fusca at 3 locations in NC's peanut producing area. Overall disease incidence at the 3 locations was 6%. Of the genotypes, NC-9 ranked the highest in disease incidence (7%), followed by the genotypes NC-12C (6%), and NC-V11 (5%). F. fusca counts were greatest on NC-V11, followed by NC-9 and NC-12C. A comparison of the survival and reproductive success of F. fusca on TSWV infected and uninfected plants of the 3 genotypes was conducted under greenhouse conditions in NC. Effects of genotype and virus by genotype interaction were not significant. However, TSWV infected plants had significantly fewer adult and larval F. fusca than did uninfected plants.

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Degree

PhD

Discipline

Entomology

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